Monday, October 5, 2009

Writing Tools - Reader Worksheet

One of the most important things you can do as a writer is receive input from a group of trusted readers. I like to have 10, but you can have as many as you feel comfortable (the more the better). Avid readers who aren't afraid to be honest are the best people for the job. However, people can be surprisingly reticent about sharing their opinions. So I give them a worksheet. This has the combined effect of giving them direction (instead of having vague comments like "It was ok"), and helping them be honest.
So if you have had some trouble getting people to critique you, try this out. It works!

Reader Worksheet
Rate the story in each of these categories using 1 through 5 (5 being the best):

The Trap - does the story pull the reader in right away and hold their interest?
The Conflict - what is at stake in the story, and how is the tension used?
The Characters - are these compelling, realistic people whom the reader cares about?
Setting and Mood - does the story make the reader feel like they are really there?
Pace and Style - how well does the writer use the words to move the story along?
Resolution - does it have a satisfying ending?
Grammar and Spelling - this must be perfect, no exceptions
Overall Enjoyment - was this a story you’d actually buy?


  • Hook
  • Conflict
  • Characters
  • Setting & Mood
  • Pace & Style
  • Resolution
  • Spelling & Grammar
  • Enjoyment
Total


Additional Comments & Criticisms:

Tuesday, September 22, 2009

Jumpstarting Your Work

Dreaded writer’s block. Your muse has left you for another writer, the empty computer screen mocks you every day with it’s silent emptiness. Horrible, huh? Well, I have a confession to make. I know nothing about it, because it’s never happened to me. I’ve gotten too busy to write, or distracted with other things, or just been too out of it to get anything accomplished. But days on end where I can’t write anything? Nope. So here are a few suggestions to help on those days where your current WIP feels as though it’s actually gotten shorter since this morning.

  • My most full proof weapon is: stop writing. I know this seems odd, but it truly works for me. If I stop fighting it, give myself permission to think about something else, and go off and do dishes, generally within fifteen minutes I’m back at the desk, sudsy water and all, writing. Try it. Pressure isn’t good for anything, especially not creativity.
  • Take a busman’s holiday. Save your stubborn WIP, close it, and do a simple writing exercise. I know, I know, you are far past that, right? Wrong. Go to Google, type in “writing prompts”, and check out a few of the gazillion hits you get. Then try a few. Thy are fun, they are easy, and they truly do get your muse primed for work.
  • Write something totally outside your comfort zone. Usually write mysteries? Try romance. A dyed in the wool essay writer? Try science fiction. Always use third person? Give first person narrative a try. Anything that makes you see writing as new again is a good thing.
  • READ. Not just your favorites, either. Read anything and everything you can get your hands on. A scientist who didn’t know the work that came before him would be doomed to repeat that work. So it is with the artist. How can you be original if you don’t know what that means. Read, read, read.
  • Go surfing. Web surfing that is. There are a million very cool sites out there, and they all make me want to write. Try Oddee.com, nationalgeographic.com, post secret.blogspot.com, 2leep.com. Search Google for things like “ghost stories”, “crypto zoology”, or “unexplained murder”. Give yourself a time limit so you don’t spend 42 hours strait on there, and the web becomes your friend.
  • Take a trip. While it would be great to hop in your car and head off to Texas, that’s not what this has to mean. Go outside. Take a hike. Go swimming, biking, foraging, or play catch with your kids. I have some of my best AHA! moments when doing other things. Especially if there’s no pen and paper handy. Try to carry some, so you don’t forget stuff, like I do.

That’s all I have. There’s more, but you’ve heard them all before, so I won’t repeat them. Feel free to share your best advice for getting unstuck. Thanks!

Tuesday, September 15, 2009

What's in a line?

Best First Sentences

The American Book Review has a list of the 100 best opening sentences of all time. I think they did pretty well, although I think they missed the boat by not including some of the great suspense/mystery openers, but by nature a list like this has to be incomplete. Only 100? With all the books that have been written that’s just a drop in the bucket. I have found this list to be endlessly inspiring, however, and so I present it to you (along with a few of my other favorites). Hopefully it inspires a few great openers of your own. Please comment with your favorite first lines!

American Book Review
1. Call me Ishmael. —Herman Melville, Moby-Dick (1851)

2. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. —Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice (1813)

3. A screaming comes across the sky. —Thomas Pynchon, Gravity's Rainbow (1973)

4. Many years later, as he faced the firing squad, Colonel Aureliano Buendía was to remember that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice. —Gabriel García Márquez, One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967; trans. Gregory Rabassa)

5. Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins. —Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita (1955)

6. Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. —Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina (1877; trans. Constance Garnett)

7. riverrun, past Eve and Adam's, from swerve of shore to bend of bay, brings us by a commodius vicus of recirculation back to Howth Castle and Environs. —James Joyce, Finnegans Wake (1939)

8. It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. —George Orwell, 1984 (1949)

9. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair. —Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities (1859)

10. I am an invisible man. —Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man (1952)

11. The Miss Lonelyhearts of the New York Post-Dispatch (Are you in trouble?—Do-you-need-advice?—Write-to-Miss-Lonelyhearts-and-she-will-help-you) sat at his desk and stared at a piece of white cardboard. —Nathanael West, Miss Lonelyhearts (1933)

12. You don't know about me without you have read a book by the name of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; but that ain't no matter. —Mark Twain, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885)

13. Someone must have slandered Josef K., for one morning, without having done anything truly wrong, he was arrested. —Franz Kafka, The Trial (1925; trans. Breon Mitchell)

14. You are about to begin reading Italo Calvino's new novel, If on a winter's night a traveler. —Italo Calvino, If on a winter's night a traveler (1979; trans. William Weaver)

15. The sun shone, having no alternative, on the nothing new. —Samuel Beckett, Murphy (1938)

16. If you really want to hear about it, the first thing you'll probably want to know is where I was born, and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don't feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth. —J. D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye (1951)

17. Once upon a time and a very good time it was there was a moocow coming down along the road and this moocow that was coming down along the road met a nicens little boy named baby tuckoo. —James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916)

18. This is the saddest story I have ever heard. —Ford Madox Ford, The Good Soldier (1915)

19. I wish either my father or my mother, or indeed both of them, as they were in duty both equally bound to it, had minded what they were about when they begot me; had they duly considered how much depended upon what they were then doing;—that not only the production of a rational Being was concerned in it, but that possibly the happy formation and temperature of his body, perhaps his genius and the very cast of his mind;—and, for aught they knew to the contrary, even the fortunes of his whole house might take their turn from the humours and dispositions which were then uppermost:—Had they duly weighed and considered all this, and proceeded accordingly,—I am verily persuaded I should have made a quite different figure in the world, from that, in which the reader is likely to see me. —Laurence Sterne, Tristram Shandy (1759–1767)

20. Whether I shall turn out to be the hero of my own life, or whether that station will be held by anybody else, these pages must show. —Charles Dickens, David Copperfield (1850)

21. Stately, plump Buck Mulligan came from the stairhead, bearing a bowl of lather on which a mirror and a razor lay crossed. —James Joyce, Ulysses (1922)

22. It was a dark and stormy night; the rain fell in torrents, except at occasional intervals, when it was checked by a violent gust of wind which swept up the streets (for it is in London that our scene lies), rattling along the house-tops, and fiercely agitating the scanty flame of the lamps that struggled against the darkness. —Edward George Bulwer-Lytton, Paul Clifford (1830)

23. One summer afternoon Mrs. Oedipa Maas came home from a Tupperware party whose hostess had put perhaps too much kirsch in the fondue to find that she, Oedipa, had been named executor, or she supposed executrix, of the estate of one Pierce Inverarity, a California real estate mogul who had once lost two million dollars in his spare time but still had assets numerous and tangled enough to make the job of sorting it all out more than honorary. —Thomas Pynchon, The Crying of Lot 49 (1966)

24. It was a wrong number that started it, the telephone ringing three times in the dead of night, and the voice on the other end asking for someone he was not. —Paul Auster, City of Glass (1985)

25. Through the fence, between the curling flower spaces, I could see them hitting. —William Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury (1929)

26. 124 was spiteful. —Toni Morrison, Beloved (1987)

27. Somewhere in la Mancha, in a place whose name I do not care to remember, a gentleman lived not long ago, one of those who has a lance and ancient shield on a shelf and keeps a skinny nag and a greyhound for racing. —Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote (1605; trans. Edith Grossman)

28. Mother died today. —Albert Camus, The Stranger (1942; trans. Stuart Gilbert)

29. Every summer Lin Kong returned to Goose Village to divorce his wife, Shuyu. —Ha Jin, Waiting (1999)

30. The sky above the port was the color of television, tuned to a dead channel. —William Gibson, Neuromancer (1984)

31. I am a sick man . . . I am a spiteful man. —Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Notes from Underground (1864; trans. Michael R. Katz)

32. Where now? Who now? When now? —Samuel Beckett, The Unnamable (1953; trans. Patrick Bowles)

33. Once an angry man dragged his father along the ground through his own orchard. "Stop!" cried the groaning old man at last, "Stop! I did not drag my father beyond this tree." —Gertrude Stein, The Making of Americans (1925)

34. In a sense, I am Jacob Horner. —John Barth, The End of the Road (1958)

35. It was like so, but wasn't. —Richard Powers, Galatea 2.2 (1995)

36. —Money . . . in a voice that rustled. —William Gaddis, J R (1975)

37. Mrs. Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself. —Virginia Woolf, Mrs. Dalloway (1925)

38. All this happened, more or less. —Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five (1969)

39. They shoot the white girl first. —Toni Morrison, Paradise (1998)

40. For a long time, I went to bed early. —Marcel Proust, Swann's Way (1913; trans. Lydia Davis)

41. The moment one learns English, complications set in. —Felipe Alfau, Chromos (1990)

42. Dr. Weiss, at forty, knew that her life had been ruined by literature. —Anita Brookner, The Debut (1981)

43. I was the shadow of the waxwing slain / By the false azure in the windowpane; —Vladimir Nabokov, Pale Fire (1962)

44. Ships at a distance have every man's wish on board. —Zora Neale Hurston, Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937)

45. I had the story, bit by bit, from various people, and, as generally happens in such cases, each time it was a different story. —Edith Wharton, Ethan Frome (1911)

46. Ages ago, Alex, Allen and Alva arrived at Antibes, and Alva allowing all, allowing anyone, against Alex's admonition, against Allen's angry assertion: another African amusement . . . anyhow, as all argued, an awesome African army assembled and arduously advanced against an African anthill, assiduously annihilating ant after ant, and afterward, Alex astonishingly accuses Albert as also accepting Africa's antipodal ant annexation. —Walter Abish, Alphabetical Africa (1974)

47. There was a boy called Eustace Clarence Scrubb, and he almost deserved it. —C. S. Lewis, The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (1952)

48. He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. —Ernest Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea (1952)

49. It was the day my grandmother exploded. —Iain M. Banks, The Crow Road (1992)

50. I was born twice: first, as a baby girl, on a remarkably smogless Detroit day in January of 1960; and then again, as a teenage boy, in an emergency room near Petoskey, Michigan, in August of 1974. —Jeffrey Eugenides, Middlesex (2002)

51. Elmer Gantry was drunk. —Sinclair Lewis, Elmer Gantry (1927)

52. We started dying before the snow, and like the snow, we continued to fall. —Louise Erdrich, Tracks (1988)

53. It was a pleasure to burn. —Ray Bradbury, Fahrenheit 451 (1953)

54. A story has no beginning or end; arbitrarily one chooses that moment of experience from which to look back or from which to look ahead. —Graham Greene, The End of the Affair (1951)

55. Having placed in my mouth sufficient bread for three minutes' chewing, I withdrew my powers of sensual perception and retired into the privacy of my mind, my eyes and face assuming a vacant and preoccupied expression. —Flann O'Brien, At Swim-Two-Birds (1939)

56. I was born in the Year 1632, in the City of York, of a good Family, tho' not of that Country, my Father being a Foreigner of Bremen, who settled first at Hull; He got a good Estate by Merchandise, and leaving off his Trade, lived afterward at York, from whence he had married my Mother, whose Relations were named Robinson, a very good Family in that Country, and from whom I was called Robinson Kreutznaer; but by the usual Corruption of Words in England, we are now called, nay we call our selves, and write our Name Crusoe, and so my Companions always call'd me. —Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe (1719)

57. In the beginning, sometimes I left messages in the street. —David Markson, Wittgenstein's Mistress (1988)

58. Miss Brooke had that kind of beauty which seems to be thrown into relief by poor dress.
—George Eliot, Middlemarch (1872)

59. It was love at first sight. —Joseph Heller, Catch-22 (1961)

60. What if this young woman, who writes such bad poems, in competition with her husband, whose poems are equally bad, should stretch her remarkably long and well-made legs out before you, so that her skirt slips up to the tops of her stockings? —Gilbert Sorrentino, Imaginative Qualities of Actual Things (1971)

61. I have never begun a novel with more misgiving. —W. Somerset Maugham, The Razor's Edge (1944)

62. Once upon a time, there was a woman who discovered she had turned into the wrong person. —Anne Tyler, Back When We Were Grownups (2001)

63. The human race, to which so many of my readers belong, has been playing at children's games from the beginning, and will probably do it till the end, which is a nuisance for the few people who grow up. —G. K. Chesterton, The Napoleon of Notting Hill (1904)

64. In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I've been turning over in my mind ever since. —F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby (1925)

65. You better not never tell nobody but God. —Alice Walker, The Color Purple (1982)

66. "To be born again," sang Gibreel Farishta tumbling from the heavens, "first you have to die." —Salman Rushdie, The Satanic Verses (1988)

67. It was a queer, sultry summer, the summer they electrocuted the Rosenbergs, and I didn't know what I was doing in New York. —Sylvia Plath, The Bell Jar (1963)

68. Most really pretty girls have pretty ugly feet, and so does Mindy Metalman, Lenore notices, all of a sudden. —David Foster Wallace, The Broom of the System (1987)

69. If I am out of my mind, it's all right with me, thought Moses Herzog. —Saul Bellow, Herzog (1964)

70. Francis Marion Tarwater's uncle had been dead for only half a day when the boy got too drunk to finish digging his grave and a Negro named Buford Munson, who had come to get a jug filled, had to finish it and drag the body from the breakfast table where it was still sitting and bury it in a decent and Christian way, with the sign of its Saviour at the head of the grave and enough dirt on top to keep the dogs from digging it up. —Flannery O'Connor, The Violent Bear it Away (1960)

71. Granted: I am an inmate of a mental hospital; my keeper is watching me, he never lets me out of his sight; there's a peephole in the door, and my keeper's eye is the shade of brown that can never see through a blue-eyed type like me. —GŸnter Grass, The Tin Drum (1959; trans. Ralph Manheim)

72. When Dick Gibson was a little boy he was not Dick Gibson. —Stanley Elkin, The Dick Gibson Show (1971)

73. Hiram Clegg, together with his wife Emma and four friends of the faith from Randolph Junction, were summoned by the Spirit and Mrs. Clara Collins, widow of the beloved Nazarene preacher Ely Collins, to West Condon on the weekend of the eighteenth and nineteenth of April, there to await the End of the World. —Robert Coover, The Origin of the Brunists (1966)

74. She waited, Kate Croy, for her father to come in, but he kept her unconscionably, and there were moments at which she showed herself, in the glass over the mantel, a face positively pale with the irritation that had brought her to the point of going away without sight of him. —Henry James, The Wings of the Dove (1902)

75. In the late summer of that year we lived in a house in a village that looked across the river and the plain to the mountains. —Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms (1929)

76. "Take my camel, dear," said my Aunt Dot, as she climbed down from this animal on her return from High Mass. —Rose Macaulay, The Towers of Trebizond (1956)

77. He was an inch, perhaps two, under six feet, powerfully built, and he advanced straight at you with a slight stoop of the shoulders, head forward, and a fixed from-under stare which made you think of a charging bull. —Joseph Conrad, Lord Jim (1900)

78. The past is a foreign country; they do things differently there. —L. P. Hartley, The Go-Between (1953)

79. On my naming day when I come 12 I gone front spear and kilt a wyld boar he parbly ben the las wyld pig on the Bundel Downs any how there hadnt ben none for a long time befor him nor I aint looking to see none agen. —Russell Hoban, Riddley Walker (1980)

80. Justice?—You get justice in the next world, in this world you have the law. —William Gaddis, A Frolic of His Own (1994)

81. Vaughan died yesterday in his last car-crash. —J. G. Ballard, Crash (1973)

82. I write this sitting in the kitchen sink. —Dodie Smith, I Capture the Castle (1948)

83. "When your mama was the geek, my dreamlets," Papa would say, "she made the nipping off of noggins such a crystal mystery that the hens themselves yearned toward her, waltzing around her, hypnotized with longing." —Katherine Dunn, Geek Love (1983)

84. In the last years of the Seventeenth Century there was to be found among the fops and fools of the London coffee-houses one rangy, gangling flitch called Ebenezer Cooke, more ambitious than talented, and yet more talented than prudent, who, like his friends-in-folly, all of whom were supposed to be educating at Oxford or Cambridge, had found the sound of Mother English more fun to game with than her sense to labor over, and so rather than applying himself to the pains of scholarship, had learned the knack of versifying, and ground out quires of couplets after the fashion of the day, afroth with Joves and Jupiters, aclang with jarring rhymes, and string-taut with similes stretched to the snapping-point. —John Barth, The Sot-Weed Factor (1960)

85. When I finally caught up with Abraham Trahearne, he was drinking beer with an alcoholic bulldog named Fireball Roberts in a ramshackle joint just outside of Sonoma, California, drinking the heart right out of a fine spring afternoon. —James Crumley, The Last Good Kiss (1978)

86. It was just noon that Sunday morning when the sheriff reached the jail with Lucas Beauchamp though the whole town (the whole county too for that matter) had known since the night before that Lucas had killed a white man. —William Faulkner, Intruder in the Dust (1948)

87. I, Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus This-that-and-the-other (for I shall not trouble you yet with all my titles) who was once, and not so long ago either, known to my friends and relatives and associates as "Claudius the Idiot," or "That Claudius," or "Claudius the Stammerer," or "Clau-Clau-Claudius" or at best as "Poor Uncle Claudius," am now about to write this strange history of my life; starting from my earliest childhood and continuing year by year until I reach the fateful point of change where, some eight years ago, at the age of fifty-one, I suddenly found myself caught in what I may call the "golden predicament" from which I have never since become disentangled. —Robert Graves, I, Claudius (1934)

88. Of all the things that drive men to sea, the most common disaster, I've come to learn, is women. —Charles Johnson, Middle Passage (1990)

89. I am an American, Chicago born—Chicago, that somber city—and go at things as I have taught myself, free-style, and will make the record in my own way: first to knock, first admitted; sometimes an innocent knock, sometimes a not so innocent. —Saul Bellow, The Adventures of Augie March (1953)

90. The towers of Zenith aspired above the morning mist; austere towers of steel and cement and limestone, sturdy as cliffs and delicate as silver rods. —Sinclair Lewis, Babbitt (1922)

91. I will tell you in a few words who I am: lover of the hummingbird that darts to the flower beyond the rotted sill where my feet are propped; lover of bright needlepoint and the bright stitching fingers of humorless old ladies bent to their sweet and infamous designs; lover of parasols made from the same puffy stuff as a young girl's underdrawers; still lover of that small naval boat which somehow survived the distressing years of my life between her decks or in her pilothouse; and also lover of poor dear black Sonny, my mess boy, fellow victim and confidant, and of my wife and child. But most of all, lover of my harmless and sanguine self. —John Hawkes, Second Skin (1964)

92. He was born with a gift of laughter and a sense that the world was mad. —Raphael Sabatini, Scaramouche (1921)

93. Psychics can see the color of time it's blue. —Ronald Sukenick, Blown Away (1986)

94. In the town, there were two mutes and they were always together. —Carson McCullers, The Heart is a Lonely Hunter (1940)

95. Once upon a time two or three weeks ago, a rather stubborn and determined middle-aged man decided to record for posterity, exactly as it happened, word by word and step by step, the story of another man for indeed what is great in man is that he is a bridge and not a goal, a somewhat paranoiac fellow unmarried, unattached, and quite irresponsible, who had decided to lock himself in a room a furnished room with a private bath, cooking facilities, a bed, a table, and at least one chair, in New York City, for a year 365 days to be precise, to write the story of another person—a shy young man about of 19 years old—who, after the war the Second World War, had come to America the land of opportunities from France under the sponsorship of his uncle—a journalist, fluent in five languages—who himself had come to America from Europe Poland it seems, though this was not clearly established sometime during the war after a series of rather gruesome adventures, and who, at the end of the war, wrote to the father his cousin by marriage of the young man whom he considered as a nephew, curious to know if he the father and his family had survived the German occupation, and indeed was deeply saddened to learn, in a letter from the young man—a long and touching letter written in English, not by the young man, however, who did not know a damn word of English, but by a good friend of his who had studied English in school—that his parents both his father and mother and his two sisters one older and the other younger than he had been deported they were Jewish to a German concentration camp Auschwitz probably and never returned, no doubt having been exterminated deliberately X * X * X * X, and that, therefore, the young man who was now an orphan, a displaced person, who, during the war, had managed to escape deportation by working very hard on a farm in Southern France, would be happy and grateful to be given the opportunity to come to America that great country he had heard so much about and yet knew so little about to start a new life, possibly go to school, learn a trade, and become a good, loyal citizen. —Raymond Federman, Double or Nothing (1971)

96. Time is not a line but a dimension, like the dimensions of space. —Margaret Atwood, Cat's Eye (1988)

97. He—for there could be no doubt of his sex, though the fashion of the time did something to disguise it—was in the act of slicing at the head of a Moor which swung from the rafters. —Virginia Woolf, Orlando (1928)

98. High, high above the North Pole, on the first day of 1969, two professors of English Literature approached each other at a combined velocity of 1200 miles per hour. —David Lodge, Changing Places (1975)

99. They say when trouble comes close ranks, and so the white people did. —Jean Rhys, Wide Sargasso Sea (1966)

100. The cold passed reluctantly from the earth, and the retiring fogs revealed an army stretched out on the hills, resting. —Stephen Crane, The Red Badge of Courage (1895)



My Other Favorites:
Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; persons attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot in it will be shot. - Mark Twain.

It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. - Jane Austen

As I write, highly civilized human beings are flying overhead, trying to kill me. - George Orwell

Last night I dreamt I went to Manderly again - Daphne Du Maurier




Tuesday, August 25, 2009

Writing Tools - New Project Worksheet

I have had way too many ideas that I forgot for lack of writing them down. So I have learned how to keep them. Even if I have plenty to work on right now, later on when I just can’t focus, I go to one of my folders and jumpstart my muse with them. When there’s a new concept I start on it right away, even if I’m busy with another project. At the very least I put the pertinent details down so they can be remembered. Now this is only true with pretty detailed ideas, anything very basic or vague gets stuck in a folder I call the Idea File. Here’s a list of how I stay focused and organized with a new project. First off I keep something called a Generic Book Folder on my computer. Inside of this book folder are five documents called Book, Outline, Research, S.E.W. (see my blog on story elements worksheets), & thoughts. Whenever I start a new project I just fill in these blank pages for that particular story. Here’s how it works for me:

Start a new book folder: Give the idea a working title that will help identify it. Change all the names in the Generic Book Folder to the new title.

Start a “Thoughts on…” page: fill in as much info as possible. Don’t forget anything important! Come up with easy details, such as character names, etc. In mine I always include a plot summary, list of characters & their descriptions, a tagline, and a place for random stuff I’m pretty sure I want in the book.

Do any preliminary research possible & store it: this will prevent the easy excuse of wandering “research” on the internet later. Not that you can’t do more research, but try to work out the basics before you start.
Start an outline: get as far as possible without getting stuck. Work out as many plot points, specific scenes, & important details as is feasible. Figure out a resolution. Make sure everything adds up.

Fill out a Story Elements Worksheet (S.E.W.): use it to correct lags, fix story contradictions, maintain pace, add realism, increase conflict, and maximize readability. Figure out a tagline and a summary. If it’s too complicated for either of these things then it’s too complicated to read. Simplify.

Start Writing: the fun part! Add color, details, characterization, dialogue, etc. Flesh it out. Don’t get overzealous though, adding too much now just means more editing later. At this point I try to write 3000 words a day, only taking breaks every 1000 words. But this is me. Set yourself a realistic goal & stick with it.

Go back and get their attention: Make the first chapter grab them and not let go. Make sure there’s a killer first line. Draw them in and hold them hostage. Unless these two things are perfect, the book isn’t finished. Double check the point of view and if necessary, change it. No matter how much work it is; if it’s not right, it won’t sell. Try to be objective about the characters; they have to work so make them fit the story.

Use the editing worksheet: Time to kill your darlings. Edit, edit, & then edit some more. My first goal is always to cut 10% off of first draft. Next goal is to get it within 80,000 - 120,000 word range. It doesn’t have to be perfect, but that is typical range for a mystery or thriller novel. Make it slick & glossy by removing all the fat and unnecessary prose. Look at how the pages read, is there enough white space? Make sure names and details work with the story.

Correct the damn thing: Lastly, but most important of all, correct absolutely every typo, misspelling, punctuation, grammar, and style error. No exceptions!!!

Hand the finished copy out to your Beta Readers: I like to have the 10 or so beta readers correct & assess the reader copy, then fill out a reader worksheet. This is so they know what kind of feedback to give. People are surprisingly reluctant to critique your work if they know you, so I give them a form to fill out. This seems to make them more comfortable, which means I get more meaningful feedback. Make absolutely sure they understand not to pull any punches. Criticism teaches more than praise.

Print out final draft: after all corrections, editing, and reader opinions have been completed, I print out the final draft on good quality paper, double spaced & in 12 point Times New Roman font.

Send it off into the world & forget about it: write a good query letter and send out as many copies as necessary via first class mail in a sturdy box. Now I forget about it. Worrying accomplishes nothing, and stifles creativity.

Finally, start a new project: keeping busy means no worrying about the last one, and having more chances to succeed, so begin immediately!

That’s it! I know it seems like an oversimplification, but it really does work. You don't have to do exactly as I do, and everyone’s process is different, but you must have a process. Without dedication & hard work, writing is just a hobby. So keep organized, keep practicing, and don’t give up.

Sunday, August 23, 2009

So you want to write about the FBI?

There appears to be some confusion as to the exact nature of all the alphabet branches of our government. You know, FBI, CIA, NSA, ATF, etc. For some reason, they tend to be used somewhat interchangeably in various fiction books. In order to help clear up the differences, Special Agent Bill Whatrights of the FBI has agreed to answer a few questions for us.

Hello Agent Bill. Nice to meet you.

Um, that’s Special Agent Whatrights.

Sorry. Special Agent Whatrights then. Thanks for agreeing to help out.

Yeah. What station do you work for again?

This is for a blog Mr. Whatrights. Not TV.

A blog? Are you serious? And that’s Special Agent. Or S.A. for short. Ok?

Ok. My first question is: What exactly is the FBI’s mission?

Well, on our website it states that it is “To protect and defend the United States against terrorist and foreign intelligence threats, to uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the United States, and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to federal, state, municipal, and international agencies and partners.”

Hmmm. Pretty broad. What exactly does that mean?

Um, it also says that “In executing the following priorities, we will produce and use intelligence to protect the nation from threats and to bring to justice those who violate the law.” Those Priorities are to:
1. Protect the United States from terrorist attack
2. Protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage
3. Protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes
4. Combat public corruption at all levels
5. Protect civil rights
6. Combat transnational/national criminal organizations and enterprises
7. Combat major white-collar crime
8. Combat significant violent crime
9. Support federal, state, local and international partners
10. Upgrade technology to successfully perform the FBI's mission”

S.A. Bill, are you reading that directly off the FBI website?

Um, yeah. Pretty much.

Ok, but from now on, can you try to use your own words please?

I guess so. Yes.

Thank you. So the FBI’s mission does not include kidnapping specifically?

No, not as such. Not unless the crime crosses state lines.

Really? But on television they ALWAYS call in the FBI on kidnappings. And serial murders too. Are you sure those aren’t part of your mission?

You shouldn’t always believe what you see on TV. Although we do sometimes consult on high profile, er, I mean unusual cases. In an unofficial capacity, of course.

Of course. Can we back up for a minute? Did I hear you say that you deal with intelligence? You mean foreign intelligence? Isn’t that the CIA’s deal?

The FBI has always been concerned with the nation’s security. That includes intelligence, yes.

Seriously?

Seriously.

Moving on. When the FBI prosecutes a case, do they -

I have to interrupt there. We don’t prosecute any cases.

Ok, but when you do -

We don’t.

I’m sorry, I don’t understand. Are you trying to say that the FBI doesn’t EVER bring cases to court?

That’s correct. It’s our job to investigate and then to bring the cases to the U.S. Attorney or the Department of Justice, not to prosecute anyone. We can be called on to testify though.

Huh. TV is wrong again. Who knew? Do they even ask you guys questions before they start making shows and movies about you?

My guess would be no.

Fascinating. Next you’re going to tell me that there aren’t any “X-files”.

There aren’t.

What? Come on, you’re joking. You can tell me, you have to have a few weird ones.

Strange cases, yes. “X-files”, no. And most of the strange ones are because of the people who report them, not the events themselves.

Unbelievable. The media sure has dropped the ball with this. Or are you just saying that because they are always exposing you as the limelight hogging megalomaniacs you are?

That’s a myth too. We usually get along quite well with the various branches of law enforcement we encounter. Well, except for the really dumb, hayseed types.

Oh.

That was a joke.

Aha. Very funny S.A. Bill.

Yeah. Hey listen, how much am I getting paid for this?

This is a blog S.A. Bill. We don’t make any money, so we also don’t pay.

Seriously?

Seriously.

I gotta go.

There you have it folks. The truth about the FBI. If it doesn’t make things crystal clear, at least maybe it sets the record permanently wrong. Cheers!

Go straight to the source -
http://www.fbi.gov/

Cool diagram on the FBI structure:
http://people.howstuffworks.com/fbi.htm


Monday, August 17, 2009

Really helpful links

I thought I would post a list of some links I find incredibly helpful. There are SO many great sites out there, it's hard to narrow it down, but here are my favorites:

The National Criminal Justice Reference Service - tremendous amaounts of information on everything from criminal science to substance abuse issues:

Trutv's crime pages - there's nothing more helpful to writing realistic bad guys than to read about real ones:

Want to know about prison life? This is the place:

Associated Press website - the ultimate news clearinghouse:

Three HUGE reference sites - they have everything:

Very cool science stuff:

Writing Helps & Hints:

Just Cool:


That's it for now!




Thursday, August 13, 2009

Writing Tools - Editing Worksheet

Let me be up front with something. I have a really hard time editing my work. I tend to swing in extreme directions, either self critiquing way too much while I’m in the middle of what should be writing time, or else not wanting to get rid of really pointless self aggrandizement because I like it so damn much. In order to overcome these two tendencies, I have combed over a TON of advice on editing and come up with this list of what seems to work for me. Some of it is old news, but that doesn’t make it any less true.

Show, don’t tell. While this old saw has been oft repeated, it is still one of the best pieces of advice. Don’t ignore it just because you have heard it before.

Don’t forget the small stuff. Typos and misspellings are distracting.

Eliminate “said” wherever possible. Use the name of the speaker in connection with an action if you can.

Work descriptions into the narrative instead of indulging in long, detailed descriptive paragraphs. While some writers can use description to enhance a piece, more often than not the results are boring and readers skim them.

Use body language to show feelings when possible. Nothing sounds more like an amateur than a lot of declarations like: "She was angry. He was sad. They were both tired." Stop it!

Be invisible! Readers don’t want you, they want story.

Use normal words, but not boring words.

Use sharp verbs instead of soft verbs with modifiers. “She ran quickly” becomes “she sprinted“.

Use precise nouns instead of vague nouns with adjectives. “The tall, breezy, elegant tree” becomes “the Willow”.

Specify nouns and verbs. “She ate dinner” can also be “She savored the green curry”.

Eliminate all clichés. I wish I could underline this, put it in caps, and make it bold. If I could shout it, I would.

Eliminate as many adverbs as possible. The definition of an adverb is a word that tells when, why, what, or how something happened. This automatically conflicts with the "show, don't tell" rule, and it's no coincidence I made that first on my list. Adverbs are pointless words, get rid of them.

Eliminate as many pronouns as possible. He said. She went. We ran. Not very interesting, is it?

Kill your darlings. Another oldie, but goodie. Take a second look at any passages you are particularly proud of. They are probably the ones you should cut. (This may be the one I have the hardest time with!)

Is the back story interesting, germane, brief? Then get rid of it.

Does each paragraph compel you to read the next? Each chapter? Make it so.

Use the P.O.V. to maximize suspense. Think like a movie director. (A brief side note: Don’t be afraid to change your perspective! This isn’t as hard as you may think, and I have had WIP that simply didn’t work until I changed the POV. Try it!)

Teach, but don’t preach. Learning a few new things when I read a book is cool. Suddenly feeling like I'm attending a lecture isn't.

Trust your readers. Don't talk down to them, and certainly let them figure things out for themselves.

Avoid passive tense. Make it so characters and objects do things, instead of things being done to them.

Characters are not interesting because of who they are. They are interesting because of what they do. Who they are may effect what they do, but back story and exposition are poor ways to describe characters. Action and dialog are much better. And these actions and dialogs should be revealed through the plot.

Note: Average novel length is 80,000 to 120,000 words. There are exceptions, but epics aren’t particularly welcome. So try to get your final draft down in that range.

My process now means editing nothing until the project is done (other than typos & misspellings), then going over the first draft with this list and a fine toothed comb. My goal is to cut at least 10% off of my first draft. I then hand it over to my trusted readers (along with a nifty little worksheet of their own to fill out). Finally, I go over it one last time, keeping their input in mind and tweaking the little stuff. Only at this point does it get sent out. So here it is, I hope it helps!









Wednesday, August 12, 2009

So you want to write about the Military?

I have never been in the military. However, I do have quite a few loved ones who are. Hanging around them must have rubbed off, because I find myself wincing at quite a few books about the Armed Forces where the author didn't do enough research. So here are a few basic facts to keep in mind.
Note: I am only covering the US military, since if I started in with the rest of them, we would be here for years…

United States military ranks, in order from lowest to highest, are as follows (the figures in parenthesis represent pay grade):

E = Enlisted, O - Officer, W = Warrant Officer

Army -
Enlisted: Private (E1), E2 Private, Private First Class (E3), Specialist/Corporal (E4), Sergeant (E5), Staff Sergeant (E6), Sergeant First Class (E7), Master Sergeant/First Sergeant (E8), Sergeant Major/Command Sergeant major (E9).

Warrant Officer: Warrant Officer 1 (W1), Chief Warrant Officer 2-5 (W2-5).

Officer: Second Lieutenant (O1), First Lieutenant (O2), Captain (O3), Major (O4), Lieutenant Colonel (O5), Colonel (O6), Brigadier General (O7), Major General (O8), Lieutenant General (O9), General (O10).

*There is also General of the Army, which is only a wartime rank. It is the same pay grade as General (O10), and is a five star rank. Currently there are none. The last person to hold that rank was General Douglas MacArthur.

Navy -
Enlisted: Seaman Recruit (E1), Seaman (E2), Seaman First Class (E3), Petty Officer Third Class (E4), Petty Officer Second Class (E5), Petty Officer First Class (E6), Chief Petty Officer (E7), Senior Chief Petty Officer (E8), Master Chief Petty Officer/Command Master Chief Petty Officer (E9).

Warrant Officer: Warrant Officer 1 (W1), Chief Warrant Officer 2-5 (W2-5).

Officer: Ensign (O1), Lieutenant Junior Grade (O2), Lieutenant (O3), Lieutenant Commander (O4), Commander (O5), Captain (O6), Rear Admiral Lower Half (O7), Rear Admiral Upper Half (O8), Vice Admiral (O9), Admiral (O10).

Air Force -
Enlisted: Airman Recruit (E1), Airman (E2), Airman First Class (E3), Sergeant (E4), Staff Sergeant (E5), Technical Sergeant (E6), Master Sergeant (E7), Senior Master Sergeant (E8), Chief Master Sergeant (E9).

Officer: Second Lieutenant (O1), First Lieutenant (O2), Captain (O3), Major (O4), Lieutenant Colonel (O5), Colonel (O6), Brigadier General (O7), Major General (O8), Lieutenant General (O9), General (O10).

Marines -
Enlisted: Private (E1), Private First Class (E2), Lance Corporal (E3), Corporal (E4), Sergeant (E5), Staff Sergeant (E6), Technical Sergeant/Gunnery Sergeant (E7), Master Sergeant/First Sergeant (E8), Sergeant Major(E9).

Warrant Officer: Master Gunner 1 - 4 (W1 - W4).

Officer: Second Lieutenant (O1), First Lieutenant (O2), Captain (O3), Major (O4), Lieutenant Colonel (O5), Colonel (O6), Brigadier General (O7), Major General (O8), Lieutenant General (O9), General (O10).

Coast Guard -
Enlisted: Seaman Recruit (E1), Seaman Apprentice (E2), Seaman (E3), Petty Officer Third Class (E4), Petty Officer Second Class (E5), Petty Officer First Class (E6), Chief Petty Officer (E7), Senior Chief Petty Officer (E8), Master Chief Petty Officer (E9), Command Master Chief Petty Officer (E9).

Warrant Officer: Chief Warrant Officer 1 - 4 (W1 - W4).

Officer: Ensign (O1), Lieutenant Junior Grade (O2), Lieutenant (O3), Lieutenant Commander (O4), Commander (O5), Captain (O6), Rear Admiral Lower Half (O7), Rear Admiral (O8), Vice Admiral (O9), Admiral (O10).

There are more specialized ranks in the military, but those are the basics.

Random facts:

The US has 247,000 troops and civilians posted overseas, with a presence in more than 130 countries, covering every time zone. The US has 13 military bases in countries around Afghanistan. It has military presence in Uzbekistan, Takijstan, Kyrgyzstan and Georgia.

The Department of Defense employs 1.4 million people on active duty. It is the largest employer in the US, with more employees than ExxonMobil, Ford, General Motors and GE combined.

The term "sniper" is derived from "snipe", which is a bird that was difficult to hunt. The term dates back to the 18th century.

In American naval slang, submarines are the only vessels referred to as "boats", whereas surface vessels are colloquially referred to as "ships".

During the Siege of Mafeking in the Second Boer War, Robert Baden-Powell recruited and trained 12-15 year old boys as scouts. The Mafeking Cadet Corps was a group of youths that supported the troops by carrying messages, which freed the men for military duties. The Cadet Corps performed well, helping in the defense of the town, and were one of the many factors that inspired Baden-Powell to form the Boy Scouts, a youth organization originally run along military lines.

The Department of Defense owns 40,000 properties, covering 18 million acres of land.

The Defense Department buys enough fuel every day to drive a car around the world 13,000 times.

The US headquarters at the Pentagon employs 23,000 workers and incorporates over 17 miles of corridors.

The US spends an average of $28,000 on research and development for each member of its armed forces compared to the European average of $7,000.


Some common misconceptions:

Army Special Forces purpose is to train indigenous troops in foreign countries to fight their own war - not to fight it themselves.

Delta Force & Navy Seals conduct covert operations in foreign countries, not Special Forces. Navy Seals also do long range reconnaissance patrols.

Nobody goes to Special Forces out of boot camp. You have to be a NCO, or Non-commissioned officer, to apply.

Roger Wilco is just short hand for “Roger, will comply“. It is NOT someone’s name.

There is a common rumor about the US military dog tags issued between 1941 and the early 70s. The rumor states that the notch on the dog tag is meant to be placed between the front teeth of a deceased soldier, and forcefully jammed between the teeth, for later identification of the body. The real, and only, purpose of this notch was to hold the blank tag in the machine that punched the letters onto the tag. Current machines do not need the notch to hold blank tags, therefore current tags do not have the notch.

Well there you have it. I am sure I missed a gazillion things, but I will leave it up to the experts to cover that stuff. As usual, I would love to have your input!

Friday, August 7, 2009

Writing Tools - Misused Words & Phrases

I hate it when words are used incorrectly. The phrase “I don’t think that word means what you think it means!” may be one of my most repeated sentences. Regardless of this, I am guilty of word abuse. Maybe this will help.

Homophones (Words that sound alike but have different meanings) -

Accept/Except: Accept is a verb meaning to receive. Except is usually a preposition meaning excluding, but can also be a verb meaning to exclude.

Affect/Effect: Affect is usually a verb meaning to influence. Effect is usually a noun meaning result, but can also be a verb meaning to bring about.

Allusion/Illusion: An Allusion is an indirect reference. An illusion is a misconception or false impression.

Capital/Capitol: Capital refers to a city or to wealth & resources, capitol to a building where lawmakers meet.

Climactic/Climatic: Climactic is derived from climax, the point of greatest intensity in a series or progression of events. Climatic is derived from climate; it refers to meteorological conditions.

Complement/Compliment: Complement completes, makes up a whole, or brings to perfection. Compliment is an expression of praise, admiration, or congratulation.

Discreet/Discrete: Discrete is something separate. Discreet shows prudent and wise self-restraint in speech and behavior; circumspection.

Elicit/Illicit: Elicit is a verb meaning to bring out or to evoke. Illicit is an adjective meaning unlawful.

Emigrate/Immigrate: Emigrate means to leave one country or region to settle in another. Immigrate means to enter another country and reside there.

Flair/Flare: A flair is a talent, while a flare is a burst (of anger, fire, etc.)

Principle/Principal: Principal is a noun meaning the head of a school or an organization or a sum of money. Principle is a noun meaning a basic truth or law.

Stationary/Stationery: You are stationary when you aren’t moving. Stationery is something you write on.

Than/Then: Than is a conjunction used in comparisons; then is an adverb denoting time.


There/Their/They're: There is an adverb specifying place; it is also an expletive. Their is a possessive pronoun. They're is a contraction of they are.

To/Too/Two: To is a preposition; too is an adverb; two is a number.

Whose/Who’s: Whose is the possessive form of who. Who’s is a contraction meaning “who is.”

Your/You're: Your is a possessive pronoun; you're is a contraction of you are.

Similar Words -

Calvary/Cavalry: Calvary is the hill where Jesus was crucified. Cavalry are military troops, usually on horseback.

Desert/Dessert: A desert is a hot, dry patch of sand. Dessert, on the other hand, is the yummy stuff you eat after dinner.

Eminent/Imminent: Eminent is someone or something of high rank, station, or quality; noteworthy. Imminent is something about to happen. You do NOT have an eminent birthday, even if your ego is huge.

Farther/Further: Farther is used for physical distance, whereas further means to a greater degree.

Fewer/Less: Use fewer when referring to something that can be counted numerically. Use less when it’s something that doesn’t lend itself to a simple numeric amount.

i.e/e.g: i.e. is short for the Latin phrase “id est“, which means “that is“. e.g. is short for the Latin phrase “exempli gratia” which means “for the sake of example“. So use i.e. as “in other words“, and e.g. as “for example“.

Imply/Infer: A reader infers what an author implies. In other words, when you imply something, you hint at it. When you infer something, you draw a conclusion based on clues.

Insure/Ensure: Insure means to provide or arrange insurance for. Whereas ensure means to make certain. You can ensure that you are insured, but not the other way around.

Lie/Lay: Lie is an intransitive verb meaning to recline or rest on a surface. Lay is a transitive verb meaning to put or place.

Lose/Loose: If your pants are too loose you may lose them.

Moral/Morale: Morals are something you want to teach your kids. If your team’s morale is low, you need to do something to boost their confidence.

Peak/Peek/Pique: Take a peek at the peak of that mountain. Doesn’t it pique your interest?

Pore/Pour: Sweat can pour out of your pores.

Set/Sit: Set is a transitive verb meaning to put or to place. Sit is an intransitive verb meaning to be seated.

Words & Phrases that just seem to cause trouble -

Supposed to: is correct. Suppose to is wrong.

Used to: See above.

Toward: There is no “s” at the end of the word.

Anyway: Also has no ending “s“. Anyways is a regional speech pattern.

Couldn't care less: Be sure to make it negative. “I could care less” doesn’t make any sense. If you could care less, then you DO care, right?

Alright: This one causes a LOT of debate. A word, or not a word? I am not going to argue about it, but my personal preference is to not use it in writing.

Could Have: Not could of. The phrase that sounds like that is actually a contraction of could have - could’ve. Even that is considered informal speech.

Inflammable: Another word with a pointless prefix, but a real word nonetheless. Yes, it means it CAN catch on fire, not that it’s fireproof.

Literally: This word is used to show that a statement is actually true and not exaggerated. So if your husband will literally kill you for buying that purse, he needs to be locked up.

Unique: Something can’t be “kind of unique” or even “very unique.” It’s either one-of-a-kind or it isn’t. There is no in between when it comes to unique.

Irregardless: I can not stand this word. Unfortunately, the debate over whether it is a word still rages, even though if it IS a word, it’s a pointless one. Regardless already means “in spite of”, so what do we need another syllable for?

Same Exact: One or the other would be all right but the use of both is redundant.

Moot Point: A mute point would be a point that didn’t make noise. Does that make sense? No.

Invariably: This word means “never varying”. For some reason people keep using it the same way they would “usually”.

Orientated: This is actually a word, but an unnecessary one. It is just a longer version of oriented, which renders it obsolete. Another one of my personal pet peeves.

Alot: No such word! A lot. Say it with me… a ____ lot. Two words. Thank you.

Ok, that’s about it. I do some of these things, even though I know they are wrong. Hopefully doing this post will help me, and maybe you. I know this isn’t everything, feel free to add yours.

Note: Definitions were provided by www.thefreedictionary.com

Thursday, August 6, 2009

Writing Tools - Story Elements Worksheet

Writing is a very personal thing, and each writers process should be whatever they are most comfortable with. That said, sometimes it doesn't move the way you want it to. Problems with pace and momentum can be hard obstacles to overcome. After having read every piece of advice I can get my hands on, from magazines & blogs to thick heavy books, I have put together this worksheet to help my work maintain the velocity I’m looking for. Hope it helps yours!

Story Elements Worksheet

State the plot as a question:

Come up with reasons the answer could be no:

Use these reasons as trials and tribulations for the protagonist:

Give the protagonist concrete qualities, both good and bad:

Give the protagonist a good reason to keep trying, despite setbacks:

Give the antagonist a good reason to do what they are doing:

Keep making things worse and arranging obstacles for your protagonist:

Build in a deadline to keep things moving:

Show no mercy. The more upsetting things get, the more reason to try to find out if things turn out ok:

Include facts to tie the story to the real world and to teach:

Make the setting a part of the story, almost a character:

What are the internal conflicts of each character:

What is their back story & is it important:

What do they want:

What are their objectives:

What are they afraid of:

What do they love:

What do they see, smell, taste, hear, feel:

Who are their supporting cast:

Is the antagonist interesting:

Are they believable:

Are they frightening:

Do they have motivation & a belief in what they are doing:

What is the outcome:

Does the story have a theme & if so, what is it: